众所周知，zabbix是一款强大的分布式监控系统，集各家所长于一体，得到了广大SA的认可。其强大的管理界面也极其方便，但是美中不足的是，如果同时有大批量（50台+）的服务器需要添加监控时，这时，其图形界面反而显得有些臃肿了，好在zabbix提供了一套强大的API管理接口，我们可以使用它快速地添加或删除成千上万台服务器了。
下面的流程图代表了Zabbix API 工作的典型工作流。验证（方法user.login）是获取验证ID的强制步骤。这个ID又允许我们调用API提供的任何权限允许的方法来进行操作。在之前的例子中没有提到user.logout方法，这也是一次验证ID能够重复使用的原因所在。使用user.logout方法后将会使验证ID失效，后面的操作将不能再使用此ID。
1. 首先获取所有模板及ID
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#!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys,argparse class zabbix_api: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "pengdongwen", #修改用户名 "password": "pengdongwen" #修改密码 }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "\033[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !\033[0m", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print response['result'] self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID def template_get(self,templateName=''): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { "name":templateName } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print response for template in response['result']: if len(templateName)==0: print "template : \033[31m%s\033[0m\t id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid']) else: self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] print "Template Name : \033[31m%s\033[0m "%templateName return response['result'][0]['templateid'] if __name__ == "__main__": zabbix=zabbix_api() zabbix_api().template_get() |
2. 根据模板ID获取某个模板关联的主机ID
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#!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys,argparse class zabbix_api: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "pengdongwen", #修改用户名 "password": "pengdongwen" #修改密码 }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "\033[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !\033[0m", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID def host_get(self): data=json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params": { "output": ["hostid","name"], "templateids":["10105"] }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) #print response for host in response['result']: print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t"%(host['hostid'],host['name']) result.close() #print "主机数量: \033[31m%s\033[0m"%(len(response['result'])) if __name__ == "__main__": zabbix=zabbix_api() zabbix.host_get() |
3. 根据主机ID获取主机IP地址
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#!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys,argparse class zabbix_api: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://10.0.8.8/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "pengdongwen", #修改用户名 "password": "pengdongwen" #修改密码 }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "\033[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !\033[0m", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID def host_ip(self): data=json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostinterface.get", "params": { "output": ["hostid","ip"], "hostids": ["10031"] }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) #print response for host in response['result']: print "HostID: %s\t IP: %s\t"%(host['hostid'],host['ip']) result.close() print "主机数量: \033[31m%s\033[0m"%(len(response['result'])) if __name__ == "__main__": zabbix=zabbix_api() zabbix.host_ip() |
4. 获取触发器及事件
首先要搞清楚zabbix中事件的概念，当一个触发器被触发时就会产生一个事件，进而可能做各种报警。一个触发器会产生多个事件。
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#!/usr/bin/python # coding:utf-8 import json import requests from requests import exceptions import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys, argparse class zabbix_api: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://zabbix/api_jsonrpc.ph' self.header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "pdw", # 修改用户名 "password": "pdw" # 修改密码 }, "id": 0 }) request = requests.get(self.url, headers=self.header, data=data) response = json.loads(request.text) self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID def trigger_get(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "trigger.get", "params": { "output": [ "triggerid", "description", "priority", "withUnacknowledgedEvents" ], "filter": { "value": 1 }, "sortfield": "priority", "sortorder": "DESC", "min_severity": 1, "skipDependent": 1, "monitored": 1, "active": 1, "expandDescription": 1, "withUnacknowledgedEvents": 0, "selectHosts": ['host'], "selectGroups": ['name'], "only_true": 1 }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Total: %s" % len(response['result']) for trigger in response['result']: print trigger def event_get(self, triggerid): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "event.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "select_acknowledges": "extend", "objectids": triggerid, "sortfield": ["clock", "eventid"], "sortorder": "DESC" }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() for event in response['result']: print event def event_ack(self, eventid): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "event.acknowledge", "params": { "eventids": eventid, "message": "ok", "action": 1 }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 } ) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print response if __name__ == "__main__": # 实例化zabbix_api类 zabbix = zabbix_api() # 获取trigger zabbix.trigger_get() # 根据trigger获取eventid #zabbix.event_get(26066) # 根据eventid确认事件 #zabbix.event_ack(7352182) |
当获取到这个事件后，也可以对这个事件进行ack确认操作。
4. 多功能API
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#!/usr/bin/python #coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys,argparse class zabbix_api: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://nh.monitor.ejuops.com/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "pengdongwen", #修改用户名 "password": "pengdongwen@eju" #修改密码 }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "\033[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !\033[0m", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print response['result'] self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID def host_get(self,hostName=''): data=json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter":{"host":hostName} }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) #print response result.close() print "主机数量: \033[31m%s\033[0m"%(len(response['result'])) for host in response['result']: status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"} available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"} #print host if len(hostName)==0: print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']]) else: print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']]) return host['hostid'] def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=''): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"hostgroup.get", "params":{ "output": "extend", "filter": { "name": hostgroupName } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: #print result.read() response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print response() for group in response['result']: if len(hostgroupName)==0: print "hostgroup: \033[31m%s\033[0m \tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid']) else: print "hostgroup: \033[31m%s\033[0m\tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid']) self.hostgroupID = group['groupid'] return group['groupid'] def template_get(self,templateName=''): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { "name":templateName } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print response for template in response['result']: if len(templateName)==0: print "template : \033[31m%s\033[0m\t id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid']) else: self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] print "Template Name : \033[31m%s\033[0m "%templateName return response['result'][0]['templateid'] def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName): if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName): print "hostgroup \033[42m%s\033[0m is exist !"%hostgroupName sys.exit(1) data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.create", "params": { "name": hostgroupName }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "\033[042m 添加主机组:%s\033[0m hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids']) def host_create(self, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName): if self.host_get(hostip): print "\033[041m该主机已经添加!\033[0m" sys.exit(1) if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName): print "\033[041m该主机组存在!\033[0m" else: data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.create", "params": { "name": hostgroupName }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print "\033[042m 添加主机组:%s\033[0m hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids']) group_list=[] template_list=[] for i in hostgroupName.split(','): var = {} var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i) group_list.append(var) for i in templateName.split(','): var={} var['templateid']=self.template_get(i) template_list.append(var) data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostip, "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostip, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": group_list, "templates": template_list, }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "添加主机 : \033[42m%s\031[0m \tid :\033[31m%s\033[0m" % (hostip, response['result']['hostids']) def host_disable(self,hostip): data=json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.update", "params": { "hostid": self.host_get(hostip), "status": 1 }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print '----主机现在状态------------' print self.host_get(hostip) def host_delete(self,hostid): hostid_list=[] #print type(hostid) for i in hostid.split(','): var = {} var['hostid'] = self.host_get(i) hostid_list.append(var) data=json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.delete", "params": hostid_list, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except Exception,e: print e else: result.close() print "主机 \033[041m %s\033[0m 已经删除 !"%hostid if __name__ == "__main__": zabbix=zabbix_api() parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='zabbix api ',usage='%(prog)s [options]') parser.add_argument('-H','--host',nargs='?',dest='listhost',default='host',help='查询主机') parser.add_argument('-G','--group',nargs='?',dest='listgroup',default='group',help='查询主机组') parser.add_argument('-T','--template',nargs='?',dest='listtemp',default='template',help='查询模板信息') parser.add_argument('-A','--add-group',nargs=1,dest='addgroup',help='添加主机组') parser.add_argument('-C','--add-host',dest='addhost',nargs=3,metavar=('192.168.2.1', 'test01,test02', 'Template01,Template02'),help='添加主机,多个主机组或模板使用分号') parser.add_argument('-d','--disable',dest='disablehost',nargs=1,metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='禁用主机') parser.add_argument('-D','--delete',dest='deletehost',nargs='+',metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='删除主机,多个主机之间用分号') parser.add_argument('-v','--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 1.0') if len(sys.argv)==1: print parser.print_help() else: args=parser.parse_args() if args.listhost != 'host' : if args.listhost: zabbix.host_get(args.listhost) else: zabbix.host_get() if args.listgroup !='group': if args.listgroup: zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup) else: zabbix.hostgroup_get() if args.listtemp != 'template': if args.listtemp: zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp) else: zabbix.template_get() if args.addgroup: zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0]) if args.addhost: zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2]) if args.disablehost: zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost) if args.deletehost: zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0]) |
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